Understanding Anal Gland Issues in Dogs and Cats
If your dog is scooting or your cat is licking their backside more than usual, it could be more than just a quirky habit. These behaviors often point to a common but uncomfortable problem: anal gland issues.
Let’s take a closer look at what anal glands are, why they matter, and how to keep your pet healthy and comfortable.
What Are Anal Glands?
Anal glands (also called anal sacs) are two small glands located just inside your pet’s anus. They release a strong-smelling fluid that animals use to mark territory and communicate with one another.
Usually, these glands empty during bowel movements. But sometimes they don’t work as they should—becoming blocked, irritated, or infected. When this happens, your pet can experience significant discomfort.
Signs of a Problem
Keep an eye out for these common symptoms:
- Scooting or dragging their bottom on the floor
- Excessive licking or biting at the rear end
- Swelling or redness around the anus
- A strong, fishy odor
- Signs of pain or discomfort when sitting or pooping
If you notice any of these, it’s time to schedule a visit with your veterinarian.
Does My Pet Need Their Glands Expressed?
Some dogs (especially smaller breeds) need their anal glands manually expressed every few weeks. This is a quick procedure often done by a vet or groomer.
Cats rarely need this done, but overweight cats or those with ongoing gland issues may benefit from occasional expression. If the glands become infected, your pet may also need antibiotics or additional care.
How to Help Prevent Anal Gland Issues
There’s no guaranteed way to avoid problems, but these steps can help:
- Add fiber to your pet’s diet. Fiber promotes firmer stools, which naturally express the glands. Plain canned pumpkin or veterinary fiber supplements can help.
- Keep your pet at a healthy weight. Excess weight can make gland expression more difficult.
- Schedule regular checkups. Routine vet visits help catch issues early, especially if your pet has allergies, back problems, or other health conditions that can affect gland function.
Breeds More Likely to Have Issues
Certain breeds are more prone to anal gland problems, including:
- Chihuahuas
- Dachshunds
- Poodles
- Cocker Spaniels
But remember, any breed can be affected.
When Problems Become Chronic
If your pet has repeated infections, impactions, or discomfort, your vet may recommend surgical removal of the anal glands. This is typically a last resort, but it can provide long-term relief in severe cases.
Common causes of ongoing issues include:
- Genetics
- Allergies
- Low-fiber diets
- Spinal or musculoskeletal problems
Cats and Anal Gland Problems
While cats are less likely to suffer from anal gland issues, they’re not immune—especially if they’re overweight or less active. Just like dogs, they can benefit from a better diet, weight management, and occasional gland expression if needed. In some cases, surgery may be recommended for recurring issues.
Final Thoughts
Anal gland issues may not be pleasant to think about, but they’re very treatable. If your pet is scooting, licking excessively, or just seems uncomfortable, don’t wait—reach out to your veterinarian. A quick check could save your pet from ongoing pain and prevent more serious problems down the line.
Dr. Logan Hille, DVM
Dr. Logan Hille was born in 1991 in Southern California and moved to Arizona in 1995. He graduated from the University of Arizona in 2013 with a degree in veterinary sciences and attended Colorado State University for veterinary school. After graduating in 2018, Dr. Hille moved to Dallas, Texas where he lived for 8 months. Knowing Texas was not the place for him, Dr. Hille moved back to Arizona in 2019 to be closer to his friends and family. He has two dogs, Rory and Lincoln, who he loves dearly. In his off time, Dr. Hille likes golfing, relaxing with friends, and playing video games.
Dr. Hille has a special interest in Oncology and advanced Valley Fever.